In 1890, Germany and Britain concluded the Treaty of Helgoland-Zanzibar, which settled many of their many complex colonial issues in Africa. The territorial exchange between British Helgoland and German-occupied Zanzibar, which was part of this agreement, had a major impact on its conclusion. Without the exchange between Helgoland and Zanzibar, such a treaty would probably never have seen the light of day. Many hoped that the agreement between Heligoland and Zanzibar would usher in a new era of Anglo-German friendship and perhaps lead to a formal alliance. In the 1880s, for example, the seemingly disjointed search for a North Sea island and imperialist mobs in East Africa played an important role in Anglo-German relations. This work examines reactions to the treaty before, during and after its negotiations and examines why an Anglo-German alliance was never born after the conclusion of the treaty and what impact the settlement had on the events that led to the outbreak of the First World War. reached the following agreement on behalf of their respective governments after deliberations on various issues of colonial interests of Germany and Britain: The misleading name of the treaty was introduced by former Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, who wanted to attack his despised successor Caprivi for the conclusion of an agreement that Bismarck himself had arranged during his tenure. Bismarck`s nomenclature, however, implied that Germany had exchanged an African empire for a tiny Helgoland (”button pants”). [4] This was eagerly adopted by the imperialist imperialists who complained of ”treason” against German interests. Carl Peters and Alfred Hugenberg called for the founding of the Pan-German Association, which took place in 1891.
[5] German-English Treaty (Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty) (July 1, 1890) The Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty (German: Helgoland-Zanzibar Treaty; also known as the Anglo-German Agreement of 1890) was an agreement signed on July 1, 1890 between the German Empire and Great Britain. 2. To the south by the line that begins on the coast of the northern border of the province of Mozambique and follows the course of the Rovuma River to the point where the brass flows into the Rovuma. From there, the line extends west at latitude to the shores of Lake Nyasa. It turns north and continues along the east, north and west shores of the lake until it reaches the north shore of the mouth of the Songwe River. Then it continues upstream to its intersection with the 33rd degree east longitude. The line continues along the river to its nearest point with the border of the congo geographical basin, as described in article I of the Berlin Conference and shown on the map in the annex to the Ninth Protocol. From there, the road goes directly to the border described above, follows it to the intersection with the 32nd degree east longitude, turns and continues directly to the meeting point of the north and south arms of the Kilambo River. It follows this river until it flows into Lake Tanganyika. The entire German sphere in East Africa, with the exception of the 10-mile-deep strip of territory on the coast, which today belongs to Zanzibar. The treaty served the purposes of German Chancellor Leo von Caprivi after an agreement with the British.
After the Berlin Conference of 1884, Germany had lost in this phase of the ”race to Africa”: the German East African Company under Carl Peters had acquired a strip of land on the coast of Tanganyika (which led to the Aboushiri uprising of 1888), but had never had control of the islands of the Sultanate of Zanzibar; the Germans have not renounced any vital interest. In return, they acquired Helgotically Helgoland, strategically located for control of the German Bay, which had become indispensable for the expansion plans of Emperor Wilhelm II`s Imperial Navy with the construction of the Kiel Canal from 1887. Wilhelm`s naval policy broke an agreement with the British and eventually led to a rapprochement between Britain and France, which was sealed in 1904 with the Entente Cordiale. I would ask you to ask the Undersecretary of State to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of 1531 which parts of the German sphere of influence in Africa are mentioned in Article VIII. the Anglo-German Agreement, in which the German Government undertakes, under that article, to apply the free trade provisions of the Berlin Act of 1885? The HTML version of these documents remains fully accessible to all. Nevertheless, access to the original PDF is reserved for clients of the Jus Mundi – Arbitration Research offer. May I ask whether, in the event that the mainland of the Sultanate of Zanzibar is ceded to Germany, the assertion that `trade there is protected from differential treatment` means that British products will not be subject to higher tariffs than German products? Have Turkey and Holland already given in to their adherence to the Brussels law? Jus Mundi`s algorithms and legal experts scan the internet and domestic disputes around the world to identify arbitral awards that have been published, in most cases through a municipal annulment or enforcement procedure. .
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